Patients undergoing single or double lung transplant, excluding those who received simultaneous transplantation of other organs.
Overall assessment: Moderate quality.

Prediction accuracy: Fair (c-statistic 0.73 in large internal validation).

Risk to reproducibility: Low. The model was developed in a large retrospective cohort at multiple centers (number not known) using data from 8,771 patients of whom 478 required acute dialysis. It was internally validated in a random sample from the same centers using data from 2,192 patients of whom 120 required acute dialysis. There was sufficient data for the number of variables evaluated for inclusion in the model.

Risk of data reporting bias: Low. The model was developed and internally validated in a large retrospective cohort study but the outcome was objective and not likely to be subject to selective reporting. Preoperative data were completely reported.

Risk to transportability: Moderate. The model was developed and internally validated in a large multicenter retrospective cohort study. Prospective validation is needed.